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One single donation can be split into three separate parts, helping save or improve the lives of patients. Just three teaspoons of blood can save the life of a premature baby. If you donate blood, you can help in saving lives of many patients. Thousands of patients need blood transfusion as in the following conditions: • Patients suffering from haemorrhage due to casualties • surgical procedures and labours • Haemophilic patients • Chronic Anaemia • Malignancy Thalassemic patients • Bone Marrow transplantation • Neonatal jaundice and others
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Donating blood is a simple and relatively painless procedure that can help save lives. According to the American Association of Blood Banks, eight million volunteer donors donate the 14 million pints of blood used in the United States each year. The blood is used to help a variety of people. Donated blood can help restore a person's blood volume after surgery, accident, or childbirth, improve the immunity of a patient suffering from cancer or leukaemia and other diseases, and improve the blood's ability to carry oxygen. Sometimes the donated blood is used as whole blood; that is, the blood from a donor is administered in its entirety to the recipient. In other cases, the blood is separated into its components (platelets, plasma, red and white cells, and clotting factors), and administered to a patient in need of that specific component.
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The donated blood is sealed in a special plastic bag that contains substances that will keep it from clotting (anticoagulants) and will preserve it. Refrigerated, whole blood is useable for 42 days. Blood components, however, can be preserved for much longer--in the case of red blood cells, up to 10 years, if frozen. A sample of the donated blood is taken for testing. It is checked for infections diseases like AIDS and syphilis, for anaemia, and, if the blood type is not already known, for blood typing. Human blood falls into three major groups, A, B, and O; the types get their names from certain molecules found on the surface of the red blood cells. If a person receives a donation of an incompatible blood type, the blood cells can clump together, a dangerous and possibly fatal situation. Type O blood can be received by persons with A, B, or AB blood (which is why type O is sometimes called the "universal donor"), but a person with Type O blood can only Type O blood. It is also important to match the Rh factor of the blood, which can be positive or negative.
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